What is the role of silica sand in a current limiting fuse?

Silica sand plays a crucial role in current limiting fuses by turning to glass when exposed to the intense heat generated by an electrical arc. This transformation is significant because the glass formed from the silica helps absorb heat and energy from the arc, effectively cooling it and preventing further damage. The glass acts as a thermal barrier that helps to extinguish the arc quickly, thus limiting the fault current flowing through the fuse and enhancing safety. By absorbing and containing the energy of the arc, the silica sand helps to protect the electrical circuit and prevents potential hazards such as equipment damage or fire. This property is essential in maintaining the integrity of electrical systems during fault conditions, making it a key component in current limiting fuses.